Evaluación de un programa de educación a distancia en Promoción de Salud para la Atención Primaria en Chile / Evaluation of an online health promotion Diploma

Background: Health promotion in Chile is essential, considering its current epidemiologic status where chronic diseases are predominant. Aim: To report the evaluation of an on-line Diploma in health promotion for Primary Health Care professionals. Material and Methods: Two hundred sixty four professionals from all regions of the country (40% rural and 60% urban) took the Diploma. It lasted 8 months with 248 academic hours distributed in 5 modules with a total of 15 units. The program was evaluated with four surveys answered by the students (general description of participants, mid-term, final and follow-up). Results: Students were highly satisfied with the program and especially with its interactive methodology which included tutorials, individual and group assignments, online discussions and a final project. The drawbacks were time restrictions and limited internet access. Ninety percent of students completed the course with an overall mean grade of 5.57 (out of a 1-7 scale). The follow-up survey showed that students implemented the new health promotion knowledge acquired, and put in practice their final assignment in their local counties. Also, most students improved their working conditions. Conclusions: The on-line interactive and participative methodology applied in this Diploma had positive results and the evaluation model can be applied in other health promotion on-line education programs.

Brazilian guidelines for the application of transcranial ultrasound as a diagnostic test for the confirmation of brain death / Diretrizes brasileiras para o uso do ultrassom transcraniano como teste diagnóstico de confirmação de morte cerebral

Neurosonological studies, specifically transcranial Doppler (TCD) and transcranial color-coded duplex (TCCD), have high level of specificity and sensitivity and they are used as complementary tests for the diagnosis of brain death (BD). A group of experts, from the Neurosonology Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, created a task force to determine the criteria for the following aspects of diagnosing BD in Brazil: the reliability of TCD methodology; the reliability of TCCD methodology; neurosonology training and skills; the diagnosis of encephalic circulatory arrest; and exam documentation for BD. The results of this meeting are presented in the current paper.

Estudos neurossonológicos, especialmente o Doppler transcraniano (DTC) e o duplex transcraniano codificado a cores (DTCC), apresentam elevados níveis de especificidade e sensibilidade quando utilizados como exames complementares no diagnóstico de morte encefálica (ME). Um grupo de peritos do Departamento Científico de Doppler transcraniano da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia criou uma força-tarefa de forma a determinar os critérios neurossonológicos para os seguintes aspectos no diagnóstico de ME no Brasil: metodologia do DTC; metodologia do DTCC; treinamento e habilidades em Neurossonologia; diagnóstico de parada circulatória encefálica e documentação do exame para a ME. Os resultados deste encontro foram apresentados neste artigo.

Modelo de consultoría en enfermería neurológica / Consulting model in nephrology nursing

Introducción: Los modelos son patrones a seguir o imitar debido a su contribución en la prestación del cuidado personalizado a los pacientes neurológicos y neuroquirúrgicos. Se presentan a través de la Consultoría en Enfermería Neurológica (CEN), este servicio se considerada una asesoría profesional que el personal de enfermería brinda a los beneficiarios; por medio de estas asesorías se identifican las necesidades reales y potenciales de cada enfermo y se le orienta en sus cuidados específicos. El profesional de enfermería imparte consejos y educación sobre los cuidados, todo ello con el fin de promover la salud, el autocuidado y la prevención de complicaciones. Objetivo: Establecer un modelo de Consultoría en Enfermería Neurológica con un equipo de profesionales especialistas en el área para disminuir los reingresos, días-cama-hospital y el costo hospitalario, así como proporcionar consulta de especialidad neurológica a personas afectadas para favorecer el cuidado y la calidad de vida en los enfermos. Metodología: Se aplica el proceso enfermero (PE), método científico implementado en la práctica asistencial, el cual permite la interacción con los enfermos y la familia a fin de brindar cuidados de forma organizada, racional, lógica y sistemática, así como educación y promoción de la salud a través de intervenciones educativas con planes y guías. Resultados: Se obtienen a través de la recolección y valoración de los datos personales, que permiten la elaboración de un archivo clínico, éste integra la historia individual, tomando nota de sus problemas, que posteriormente contribuyen a los diagnósticos y planes de cuidados para su ejecución. Análisis: Se evalúan los resultados de los planes e intervenciones administrados. Discusión: De acuerdo con Alfaro Lefevre, Carpenito, Bener P, Luis RT, el PE es sistemático, continuo, lógico y organizado. Conclusiones: La CEN personaliza el cuidado, lo individualiza a través de un juicio clínico y pensamiento crítico.

Introduction: Model, is a pattern to follow or imitate, for its contribution to the provision of personalized care to Neurological and Neurosurgical patients. This occurs through the Neurological Nursing Consulting (NNC) and it’s considered a professional service, which offers consultation through the interview between the beneficiary and the nurse, it identifies real and potential needs of the patient oriented to the specific care of each person, and the provision of assistance by family also provided advice on the care and education, all to promote health, self-care and prevention of complications. Objective: Establish a model for Neurological Nursing Consultancy with a team of specialists in the area to reduce readmissions, days - bed - hospital and the hospital cost; also provide neurological specialty consulting to affected people, to promote the care and quality of life in patients. Methodology: Applying the Nursing Process (NP), scientific method implemented in clinical practice, which allows interaction with patients and their families to provide care in an organized, rational, logical and systematic way. As well as education and health promotion through educational interventions with plans and guides. Results: Obtained through the collection and assessment of personal data, enabling the development of a clinical record, it integrates the individual history, noting their problems, which then contribute to the diagnosis and care plans for their implementation. Analysis: Are evaluated results of the plans and interventions administered. Discussion: According to Alfaro Lefevre, Carpenito, Bener P, Luis RT, the NP, is systematic, continuous, logical, and organized. Conclusions: The CEN personalize and individualized the care, through clinical judgment and critical thinking.

Aconselhamento em alimentação infantil: um estudo de intervenção / Infant and young child feeding counseling: an intervention study

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade do Curso Integrado de Aconselhamento em Alimentação Infantil na transformação de conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de pediatras e nutricionistas da rede municipal de saúde de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudo de intervenção randomizado com 29 profissionais no grupo intervenção e 27 no grupo controle. Entrevistadores previamente capacitados coletaram dados dos profissionais nas unidades de saúde antes da intervenção e 2 meses após. Utilizaram-se três instrumentos para avaliar o perfil do profissional, seus conhecimentos e um roteiro de observação clínica. Para análise, utilizaram-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para amostras independentes e o método de Tukey. RESULTADOS: Quanto ao conhecimento, observou-se melhora no grupo intervenção (p < 0,001) para o conjunto das questões e para amamentação (p = 0,004); HIV e alimentação infantil (p = 0,049); alimentação complementar (p = 0,012); e aconselhamento em alimentação infantil (p = 0,004). Quanto ao desempenho, verificou-se que, após a intervenção, houve melhora significativa no grupo intervenção em anamnese alimentar (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: Este curso foi efetivo em propiciar aumento de conhecimento e melhora de desempenho na anamnese alimentar, mas o mesmo não se obteve para habilidades de aconselhamento.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated infant and young child feeding counseling course for transforming the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pediatricians and nutritionists working for the municipal health system of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A randomized intervention study enrolling 29 professionals in the intervention group and 27 in the control group. Interviewers were trained in advance to collect data on the professionals working at health centers, before and 2 months after the intervention. Three research instruments were used, the first was to assess the profile of each professional, the second assessed their knowledge and the third was a clinical observation protocol. Analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples and the Tukey method. RESULTS: The results for the knowledge questionnaire showed improvements in the intervention group (p < 0.001) for the whole questionnaire and for questions on breastfeeding (p = 0.004); HIV and infant and young child feeding (p = 0.049); complementary feeding (p = 0.012); and counseling in infant and young child feeding (p = 0.004). In terms of performance, it was observed that the intervention group had significantly improved their dietary anamnesis after the intervention (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This course effectively promoted an increase in knowledge and improvements in dietary anamnesis performance, but the same was not true of counseling skills.

Programa de capacitación para el personal de salud sobre el abordaje y atención integral a adolecentes, en dos maternidades de la ciudad de La Paz, para una atención de calidad y calidez / Program of qualification for the personal of the health on the boarding and integral attention to adolescents, in two maternietis od the city of La paz, for an attention of quality and calidez

En la actualidad en los servicios de salud se brinda la atención a adolescentes, pero la misma no contempla los parámetos de atención integral y diferenciada, muchos de los adolescentes buscan una persona que los oriente, que les encuche y encuentran por el contrario personal que no los atiende y en muchos casos los juzga, factores que los demotiva a un acercamiento positivo y esta información la transmiten a sus pares de edad quienen de forma indirecta desconfían del personal de salud, demostrando de esta manera una atención con poca calidad y calidez, visión que se quiere cambiar. Una información inadecuada y un trato poco cálido son motivo para que los adolescentes no acudan a los centros de salud y que como repercusión de estos sucesos los índices de mortalidad, embarazos adolescentes o indicadores de enfermedades en esta población sean incrementado. En vista de esta situación se plantea realizar capacitación al personal de salud sobre los adolescentes y técnicas de abordaje, mediante un programa cognitivo comportamental sobre la base de y trabajo dinámico e interactivo, de reflexión y construcción con los que se prentende mejorar el nivel de relacionamiento de los adolescentes con elpersoal de salud y mejorar así su calidad de vida. a su vez se pretende mediante el programa de capacitación brindar al personal de salud, educación en el trabjo, aspectos que resalta y mejora su nivel de preparación, obteniendo mayores conocimientos y asu vez mejores resutlados en su práctica labora.

retrospective audit of electroconvulsive therapy at King Khalid University Hospital, Saudi Arabia

The case records of patients receiving ECT at King Khalid University Hospital over a 10-year period were reviewed for all aspects of ethical and technical administration of ECT. The audit of 127 patients showed some deficiencies in the early years: no seizure monitoring, no training or education for staff [particularly psychiatrists and anaesthetists], and the use of atropine as a premedication for all patients. Recently, regular education and staff training have been organized and seizure timing regularly monitored. Use of an ECT machine with EEG monitoring and the systematic and scaled monitoring of complications is recommended. Results show the necessity of ECT auditing, including an unbiased external audit for effective monitoring of the practical administration of ECT. Similar audits in other mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia are recommended

Manutençäo da instrumentaçäo nuclear utilizada na medicina. Uma proposta de soluçäo na área de controle de qualidade em radioterapia / Maintenance of nuclear instrumentation used in Medicine. A proposal of solution in quality control area in radiotherapy

Um dos principais fatores para o controle de qualidade em Radioterapia, é a disponibilidade e o pleno funcionamento dos dosímetros utilizados para as medidas das doses recebidas pelos pacientes. Este trabalho descreve um projeto que está sendo implementado pelo Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, em cooperação com a Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica e que visa a implantação no Brasil, de um laboratório para a manutenção deste tipo de equipamentos.

Laboratório para inspeçäo de ventiladores pulmonares (LIVE) / Laboratory for inspection of pulmonary ventilators (LIVE)

Segundo classificação do Ministério da Saúde, Ventiladores Pulmonares (VP) se enquadram na lista dos equipamentos de alto risco. Este trabalho investiga as condições de emprego e manutenção dos VP de um hospital público de grande porte localizado no município do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados proporcionaram subsídios para destacar a importância de um Laboratório de Inspeção de Ventiladores que atue no gerenciamento e adeuação desses equipamentos nas diversas unidades do hospital

Abstract - According to the classification of Ministry of Health, Lung Ventilators are included in the list of high risk medical devices. This paper investigates the conditions of employment and maintenance of Jung ventilators in a large public hospital located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The results raised subsidies to point out the importance of a Laboratory for Inspection of Ventilators to act on the management and adequateness of these equipments in the hospital units

impact of an education program on self protection against human immuno-deficiency virus infection for nursing interns

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of an in-service eductional program, about self-protection against the occupational risk of HIV infection on interns of the High Institute of Nursing, Ain Shams University, 80 interns were included as the study subjects. An observational check lists were used to assess their performance of self protection skills. Also, a questionnaire was applied to them to assess their knowledge and attitudes in relation to the subject. It was concluded that this study proved that interns had a definite need for the program and the program had a promotive impact on knowledge, attitudes and performance skills of interns

A study on the impact of awareness programme imparted to in-service nursing staff on their knowledge regarding AIDS.

One hundred five In-service nursing personnel of West Bengal Health Service, who completed a two day's orientation training programme on AIDS were subjected to Pre and Post-training assessment of their knowledge relating to AIDS by the same written questionnaire. Significant improvement in percentage of subjects (from 7.6% pre-training to 51.4% post-training) with desirable level of awareness and knowledge could be achieved by the programme. The importance of inclusion of study of AIDS in the pre- qualification curriculum and continuing education for nursing personnel is stressed.